Integrating Reading Strategies
Instruction in reading strategies is not an add-on, but rather an
integral part of the use of reading activities in the language classroom.
Instructors can help their students become effective readers by teaching them
how to use strategies before, during, and after reading.
Before reading: Plan for the reading task
Set a purpose or decide in advance what to read for
Decide if more linguistic or background knowledge is needed
Determine whether to enter the text from the top down (attend to
the overall meaning) or from the bottom up (focus on the words and phrases)
During and after reading: Monitor comprehension
Verify predictions and check for inaccurate guesses
Decide what is and is not important to understand
Reread to check comprehension
Ask for help
After reading: Evaluate comprehension and strategy use
Evaluate comprehension in a particular task or area
Evaluate overall progress in reading and in particular types of
reading tasks
Decide if the strategies used were appropriate for the purpose and
for the task
Modify strategies if necessary
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